Hi All,
This week we studied "Discourse Analysis". Here's your homework: You have 2 weeks to complete your assignment.
1. Visit an art museum (Istanbul Modern Art Museum, Sakıp Sabancı Museum, Pera Art Museum, etc.)
2. Tell us which exhibition you visited. Analyze the artists' language. Try to explain how the artists are expressing the meaning without using a verbal or non-verbal language. Are they any successful and how they succeed to express the meanings they have in their mind? Exemplify by artists' and their works' names.
3. Post your comments to our blogger.
İstanbul Modern Art Museum (free-admission on Thursdays) (in Tophane)http://www.istanbulmodern.org/tr/f_index.html
Sakıp Sabancı Art Museum (in Emirgan)
http://muze.sabanciuniv.edu/
Pera Art Museum (in Taksim)
http://www.peramuzesi.org.tr/
Good Luck,
tuncer can
Tuesday, March 18, 2008
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13 comments:
I visited Istanbul modern art museum,it was an interesting visit and it made me think broadly,I tried to get different meanings from the paints of the artists.From one painting various meanings and purposes can be taken by loooking its era,by trying to have some info about artists' life and by looking socio-cultural effects on this painting.Of course,I do not know the exact meaning of a painting because there is no primary resource but I tried to understand the purposes of artist's by looking from different aspects.
Foe example; one painting of Erol Akyavaş(1932-1999),its name is 'The fall of the castle'(kalenin düşüşü) and it is 1980's painting.In this painting,there is a castle and in it there are fingers,ears and teeth.At the left side of the castle,there are hills and at the right there are trees.These fingers,ears and teeth are most common in the center of the castle.As I have some background info about 1980's I made assumptions about the government and politics.I think,the hills on the left are a symbol for the leftists and the trees on the right are a symbol for the rightists.The fingers might be the symbol for the participants of the bad events happened in these years or they can be a symbol for the people who were tortured in these years.I think the artist wanted to paint the politics and I understand it thanks to my background of this topic and he had success in this painting,I suppose.In another painting,its artist is Utku Varlık(1942)and the painting's name is 'Maskeli ilerliyorum',1996,there is a golden baby,there is a foetus,a face which looks as if it falled.Colours are yellow,blue and green.There is a face like a warrior and there is a face which is in pieces.I think this painting aims to explain the human's birth,life and death and also the struggle of the people(warrior).I understand it from different faces and thinking the people's changing faces along the life,the artist really achieves his aim.
There is another interesting painting from which I tried to get a wide meaning.It is a work of art of Şeker Ahmed Paşa(1841-1907).The painting's name is 'Still life with quinces',1904.There is a tree,on the top of the tree,there is vine;in the middle of the tree,on its trunk there are quinces and at the bottom there are falled quinces and pomegranates.I figured the tree as Ottoman Empire and the fruits as its different eras.I thought pomegranates as its first times,a lot of nationality,quinces are the middle parts of it and some of them are at the bottom and the vines are a new era for Ottoman Empire,there is an effect of Meşrutiyet.The artist used fruit to explain the general history of Ottoman Empire and I think,he reached his goal with a perfect success.
As you know,ı tried to make assumptions with the help of critical thinking and my background info.I tried to make contact with these paintings and I achieved this without word without action and without a resource,and the artists have images in their mind and if you know how to look you can get the meanings of these images.Eventually I think this is DISCOURSE ANALYSIS.
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For the homework,ı visited ıstanbul modern art museum.when ı entered there my first idea was not to do the homework,because the paintings were very interesting,ı couldn't understand anything from them.after ı looked over all of them ı decided to comment the painting of Turan Erol's(1927) "coal yard".but before writing my assuptions ,ı want to thank you appreciatively.because,ı see this homework as a chance to visit there.ı thınk my friends also agree with me that most of us wouldn't visit there during the university years,but thanks to this homework we went and learnt something about museum and the paintings.
in the painting of turan erol there is a reflection of life of small and poor village.the painting is about coal yard.here in this painting,coal may be the sign to peculiarity of people in this village,and the wreath of coal is emphasized clearly.this could be interpreted as if evils go away from the village.in the painting horses and lorries are carrying coal.this means that there is a social discrimination in the village;riches by lorries,poors by horses.as though,in the painting,the life is tighted to the small area.as if,everything in the village is coaxial.in spite of all these it's obvious that,future for these peasentry is going to be palmy.the proof to say it,that there is a stress to the sea and a lot of usage of brighty colors such as;red,blue,green,yellow.
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I visited Istanbul Modern Art Museum and I saw an unbelievable athmosphere at there because �t was my first visit to a painting exhibition and the paintings were not similar to others that I saw before.After visiting there I understood that not all people use the same way to communicate with others or to give messages,somebody uses different ways such as artists,sculptors.They use their works.So I fully understand that spoken-written language is not the only way of communicating with each other and expressing ourselves or giving any messages.
When I see those pictures at first I did not understand anything from them but after a couple of minutes I tried to giving meaning to them and finding a message of course I didnt understand all of them but I will tell you the paintings which I understood but be sure that everybody that visits there giving diffrent meanings to paintings that is a painting has numerous meaning at the same time.Firstly,I want to start with Turan Erol-Bodrum 2005 (oil on canvas) �n this picture he used such colors that attract the people and these colour were so vivid like blue,turquoise,green and he drew some boats and sailors every thing is clear and vivid at f�rst glance you can like the pa�nt�ng I think it reflects the mood of artist and he was in a good mood in there and also you can relax when you see the drawing �n that drawing you can not see even one thing that you don�t like.But again in a work of Turan Erol 2004-Slip Boat Dock(�i�ek Yeri-2004) you become stressed as soon as you look.Because everything is dark,the sea is nearly brown,ships are so old and there is a hill on which there is no grass and color there is only some bushes which are died and don�t have any green leaves.It is clear that the artist is in a bad mood and don�t like there because people polluted that dock and he feels sad about this problem so he drew his paintings with dark colors.As we see even the same artist can give two different ideas and different messages with his works of art without using verbal language.and I am sure that every of us can understand what he wants to say with his works.I want to tell one more picture, Ne�et G�rol/ Man Earth 1974 (Toprak Adam) �n this picture he draws a village man and when you look at the picture you can see the common features of the pictures with todays� villager. An old torn dark sweeter an old torn shoe and sock but all of these are on the colour of earth brown and dark yellow the man has a hat that was very old and symbol of villager and and he has a stuff in his hand and spreading crops to the earth.behind the villager there lies a huge mountain.Looking this picture with the other symbol I understand that the artist wants to emphasis the struggles of villagers.And of course many other things �n these picture that I can not describe attract the visitors� attention.
All in all,�f we relate all these with DISCOURSE ANALYSIS,there is lots of things to be told.First of all, �n paintings I saw the language BEYOND the sentences and also understood that from one picture from one symbol.all people can understand different things,everbody can see different images about economy,social life even politic.yes that is true from one drawings lots of meaning can be inferred.Still,I try to understand how it can be possible. In one picture there are many different things to be seen.After thinking for these I can say that the drawings that artist made reflect the opinion of both artists and people who look them because when one looks them,sees his own imagination.It is to hard for me to explain this but I think discourse analysis must be such a phonemenon.There is no importance of language used no matter which language used in everywhere of the world ,people from different nations can understand the language of that paintings.It �s not important how you look Somehow you create an image in your mind to consider and comment on.I think here DISCOURSE IS THE PICTURES,WITH THE CODES OF UNIVERSALLY UNDERSTANDABILITY.
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A FEW HOURS IN ISTANBUL MODERN ART MUSEUM
In this museum,there were lots of pictures.I try to see all of them(And nearly I did).However,while some of them are very influential,the others haven't made any sense.I think that's because of my background knowledge.For example,there is a picture made by Fausto ZONÇRO called ''The 10th of Muharrem(Ashureh)''.In this picture,there are two groups of peoplewhose heads are broken on the top,and a person between these two groups.The person is seen as he is organising the meeting.That's not much comprehensible for me.Nevertheless,later, I heard that it is explaining a ceremony for a religious group.
As for another picture made by Mr.Akyavaş.It is much meaningful.[The Fall of the Castle(made in 1980s)]I know something about these years.he has made a castle which is near falling down.On the castle's wall,there are human parts.(Most probably these parts are belong to people who died during 1980' devrim.The artist must be trying to express the politic situation of the years 1980s.Lots of people died during these years;some of them may be innate.However,in any way they died.Mr.Akyavaş has lived this social event and vas effected by this situation.
anyway,in another picture(broken Pine made by Nazmi Ziya GÜLEN in 1937).I imagined different things while looking.In this picture,in a forest,there is a pine that it has branch which is broken but not fallen down.At first glance,it is seen as an ordinary nature picture.However, after critically thinking on it,I thought that this broken branch may be a part of human like kidnap.While a person is getting older/being close to death,our body is not fallen down completely,it dies part by part.
When we thought on these,our social.cultural,politic...etc living effect our understanding/making interfrence ability..
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I visited Istanbul Modern Art Museum and saw how artists reflect their thoughts or feelings.Their language is non-verbal as if they are mute.I can easily say this because artists know which line stands for what, according to their thoughts.In other words, there are a lot of meanings above the lines or pictures.Art is exactly this.Everyone can draw a picture, good or bad; but why only artists' pictures take attention?Well, at this point discourse is seen.We have studied discourse analysis in the class and in my opinion, this lesson has given us a key which opens almost every door.All objects has both appearence and secret meanings.If we make the situation bigger, we may say this for politic issues, economy, military, history, etc.The basic principle of these areas is language, so we reach the linguistics at the origin of them.I mean there is 'meta' language under all works.Maybe the easiest way of seeing this is looking at the paintings or pictures.For artists, this is a lifestyle.They think about something and then they draw the picture.Everyone has a different style of doing this.Someone paints, someone plays, someone writes, someone makes sculpture and the other one shouts, according to his/her style/ability.
I think the artists are successful.They have the ability to explain the events by painting.There is one more thing: They have the ability to reflect speech acts on the picture.For example, I have chosen a painting whose artist is Cemal TOLLU(1899-1968).The name of the painting is "Istiklal Savaşı'nda Yakılan Manisa" and it was painted in 1937.Mr Tollu tries to explain the bad situation which people were in.People watch their houses while they are burning.He explains starvation, misery, poverty.Soldiers try to console the people.We understand there is hope.There are some green areas in the picture and also these green areas explain expectation and hope.However, a part of painting is full of smoke and fog.At this point, artist try to give the thought that there are pessimism and anxiety, yet these are passing events like fog.We see horses.These horses give the message that horses are very important for Turkish public.There are high mountains and mosques, as well.High mountains stand for difficulty to reach the target and mosques stand for the spiritual power against enemies.There are dead people, too; nevertheless death is very sacred when it comes to independence.Finally, Mr Tollu gives the opinion that difficult days are pregnant to sunny days.According to me, this is one of the most successful works which use non-verbal language and we can find the discourse clearly.
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Iwent to the an exhibition of volunteers' instutıon in fatih.it was about palestine and Africa.In addition to the seminar,there were alot of different photos taken from undeveloped countries.
Iwas impressed at looking an interesting picture drawn as a memory of a child.he is carrying a gun and walking in a desert alone.from tis view,I conclude that he has lost one of his parents and he is going to find them.he has no technological devices to call for them.Also,he is seeming too tired.maybe he is on the way for months.
in other aspect,he is not a simple child but a litle soldier.Because we know that there are about 300 thousand little soldiers in poor countries such as India and Africa.maybe this child is one of them and carrying that gun to protect his country from colonies.The government has captured him for fighting.even if he is a child,he must be a strong soldier because of not having enough equipments to win the war.He is having difficult life standarts and in anger at this age.
Except above interpretations,the child may go to help incurable and opressed people in another countries.he can't bear to see the deaths of miserable children everyday and wants to help as soon as possible.he takes his father's gun without looking for anyone's supportment.We know his going will not change anything,but he is not like the people sitting at home and only watching.he is brave and confident enough.
As you see,a picture or a text_it doesnt matter_shouldn2t be seen as a coloured paper or written ordinary text.it can have different meanings above the sentence and view.we must only try to think deeply.
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I visited the Istanbul Art Museum. Due to dicourse knowledge I can say that the artists were quite successful in expressing the meanings by: HOW they paint,that is certain colour usage, WHAT they paint, that is the emphasis of the drawings, the actions in the drawings and WHEN they paint, that is the time of the drawings, if it portrayes daytime and instant moment or night. I want to exemplify these aspects by a certain work of Turgut Zaim called 'Nomads at summer camp' early 1940s.
The picture displays a scene in the mountains most probably in East Turkey.In the front there is a bigger group of 3 women and 4 children. Behind them there are 2 other groups. Animals like camels and sheeps can be seen as well. Around them there are landscapes with brown fields and white mountains and a very intensive blue-turqoise. The chosen colours and traditional clothing give a natural feeling for a picture/moment like this, I would like to use the word 'typcical' here due to discourse knowledge. When one has a closer look at the women's facial expression it can be seen that they look more down or look expressionless and have a more submitting posture then their little boys who have a rather straight and confident posture, who are actually wanting/demanding more milk.
Although this period in art called 'Art in Republic' reflects a period of rapid change and state encouraging modernization in all aspects of everyday life, ranging from adoption of modern technologies and customs to the enfranchisement of women,this was the only picture of women portraying a opposition to the innovations. Other pictures show sophisticated mordern women,not only in cities but also in nature, in short dresses,bandanas and high heels. I think Turgut Zaim wanted to reflect how life really was/is besides the modernity and equality the Republic was seeking for and that rules are not so strong due to being external features rather than internal features that concern cultural and social ıssues, as this is still a current topic.
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the name of artıst UTKU VARLIK.the name of painting maskeli ilerliyorum.
in that painting different stages of life are expressed.life starts at the top of water,ends at the bottom of water.the artist tries to make the scene as ıf smt blurrıng wıth non straıght brushhıts.wıth the colors whıch the artıst uses he trıes to express the mood he ıs ın towords the lıfe ıtself.he can show some deep emotıons on the reflectıon of a beautıful gırl from whose face we can not understand whether she ıs dead or alıve because she looks sleepıng.wıth statue fıgure usage we can ınfer from that the ımmortalıty ıs also a part of death/lıfe.the deep tones of blue and green stımulates a reflectıon of an ocean ın your mınd.ıt ıs gıven ın such a symbolıc way that you can feel as ıf our short trıp ın lıfe starts wıth water.the artıst trıes to express thıs by usıng fısh fıgure wıth a golden chıld statue ın ıts stomach.
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Orhan PEKER
Balıkçı Çocuk ve Kediler (oil on canvas)
The transparancy is given with the white colour and its tones. The child is given as if he is giving vital .mportance to the fish. The hands of the child is so blurring that we cannot get whether they are his fingers or the fish. The black colour leads us into a gloomy atmosphere on background. With non-certain lines on his face the child resembles an angel and the canvas is used in such a way that we are watching a religious ceremony. The artist's oil usage gives an impression of density. We can see the vivid eyes of the fishes and the feverishly demanding eyes of the cats. The different tone usage of the expressionism reflects a naked image on the whole table. The little brush touches around the edges of the images are used to express the atmosphere given..the lines..the touches..the colour and the tones and the images on the expression of the vision are all non-verbal usage of a language.
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Gizem UZUN
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The only thing that is missing in all three museums is verbal expression of ideas :)
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