Hello Everybody,
This week we have a simple question: " What do you think are some of the solutions in changing the left hemisphere dominant school programs, think of particularly foreign language classrooms?" Remember our discussion of the school programs and the characteristics of the left hemisphere.
Check ou these before answering...
http://staff.washington.edu/chudler/lang.html
http://www.med.harvard.edu/publications/On_The_Brain/Volume4/Number4/F95Lang.html
http://www.brainconnection.com/topics/?main=col/burns00feb
http://www.brainconnection.com/topics/?main=fa/listening-skills
Good luck in your exam,
questions will be similar to these that are on the blogger.
tuncer
Friday, April 07, 2006
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We can use visual materials,interactive activities like computers,dramas,plays.School must be life,life must be school.Thus,everything related to student's life.For instance,if students show their abilities according to their dominant intelligence (like multiple intelligence) ,students can acquire a lot of things spontanously.In other words, students must be freedom in activities just as when they behave in their nautral life.But end of activities, their feedbacks must be given them.3214020035 çift anadal (matematik öğretmenliği)
Left hemisphere is already related with language.Especially teaching vocabulary can develop it because vocabulary learning is a kind of formulazition.You can memorize words by the help of some signs or pictures or something else.With vocabulary games you can make left hemisphere dominant in class.Another way of donig this,is giving the problem and to want the solution in classroom.It can be a pair/group work.This develop left hemisphere because this activity necessitates pratical thinking and ability of judgement and all of these makes left hemisphere dominant.With combining listening and writing activities we can make left hemisphere dominant.All of these activities helps to make left hemisphere dominant in class.But I think it is not necessary to make one of these more dominant.For example in class we can use various activities that combines both visual(right)and verbal(left)activities.I believe that,this is of good quality.In a foreign language classroom both right and left hemisphere should be developed.Learning a foreign language does not mean that;it is involved only in left hemisphere.For a permanent language learning,being a teacher,we can improve both hemisoheres’ qualities.
YAĞMUR TOKA 3231040097
To change the left hemisphere dominant school programs, I would
use music, colors, shapes and experiences; music to teach letters, new words and new rules -mixes of newly perceived things- in songs, colors, shapes, visuals and charts to meet new objects not to forget and dramalike new experiences to synthesize what's happening in their new language tp be an efficient speaker.
3231040083
Hemispere's Importance
We can use some visuals, examples, music, pictures... to change left hemisphere superiority. It is important to use and combine both left and right hemispheres of brain. Two of them are important for language learning. It is important to know how we connect them very well.
Evrim KARADAYI
HAYEF İng. Öğrt. 2/A
3231040073
It is true that left hemisphere is dominant in language.Although it is a low possibility to change it, we can try with some activities such as using their creativity or ability to other areas in lesson.If we know multiple intelligence it can help us.If we bring some pictures,objects and use demonstrations,then want them to active their creativity they will start to think with their right hemisphere.In addition to this we can use a tape-recorder and by means of it we can take attention to the music.While they are listening to it,they will use right hemisphere,too.On the ohter hand,for language classes we can put into practice these activities from different aspects.Before presenting the words' written forms we should offer the picture and its pronunciation.We should give place to dialogues and speaking.Thus they will give themselves to the sound,rhythm of the language.As a result they will lessen the affect of the left hemisphere for a time.
gülşah ünlü
3231040079 2/A
Left hemispher plays a primary role in speech production. All of us know that left hemisphere is dominant for verbal right is dominant for visual activities. If we want to change it, it can be possible with different activities as my friends said. But I think it is unnecessary.(Allahın işine karışmamak lazım:) Saadet AKBAŞ 3231040095
IN LANGUAGE LEARNING TWO SIDES OF THE BRAIN CAN BE USED EFFECTIVELY,HOWEVER IN OUR EDUCATION SYSTEMS WE SEE THAT THE MOST DOMINANT PART IS THE LEFT SIDE.I THINK THAT, THIS MOSTLY COMES FROM THE EQUIPMENTS OR TECHNIQUES WE USED IN OUR EDUCATION CIRRICULUMNS.THE LEFT SIDE TAKES THE BRAIN TECHNIQUE DOMINANCE TO A VERBAL BASIS ON THE OTHER SIDE WHEN WE THINK OF THE RIGHT SIDE THERE IS A VISUAL BASED CONNECTION WITH LANGUAGE LEARNING.AT THIS SITUATION LET S TRY TO USE ALSO THE RIGHT SIDE IN LANGUAGE LEARNING SIMOULTANEOUSLY BUT HOW?THIS QUESTION CAN BE ANSWERED EASILY;WE SHOULD USE THE WAYS OF TEACHINGT BY TAKING THE CHILDRENS'LANGUAGE LEARNING AS A MODEL AS C.MARCEL ASSUMED.WE CAN GIVE THE INFORMATION WITH VISUALS AS VIDEOS, PICTURES, SHAPES,GRAPHICS AND ETC.WE SHOULD KNOW THAT INFORMATION THAT WE GAINED IS MUCH MORE LASTING AND PERMANENTIF WE HAVE LEARNED IT ADDRESSING MOSTLY TO OUR SENSE OF SEEING.
NAZIM FATSA 3231040053
language learning is left hemispheres job and our education system is doing very few to change it but it is essential to make both hemispheres active. as many friends said by using right hemisphere activities we can make both hemispheres active in language learning.
ercan mutlu
3231040045
There are a lot of dimensions of learning.In order to develope each hemisphere we should take into account cognitive and affective functions of both hemispheres.Right hemisphere activities involve drawing,especially visual activities,story telling,making brain maps,three dimensional puzzles,drama and creative plays.On the other hand,I believe the best programme that can be useful for both hemispheres is to combine them.I mean coalition of two hemisphere activities will provide us ending the dominance of left hemisphere so we can use both of them equally and effectively.While helping their mutual work we can use these activities:games that combine visual and verbal side,while being told a story at the same time showing some pictures connected to the story,expressing intuitional discoveries verbally,using mechanical elements when processing etc.Being able to using two hemispheres in language classrooms will provide us giving determined knowledge to all levels of learners.
As we all known the left part of the brain is associated with logic,maths,language.But we should reveal students' creavity in language classes for effective learning.To do so we should activate the right part of brain.We can make learners to prepare creative projects.Maybe we can include "art and music" in language teaching, that can help us to balance using of both (left and right)parts of the brain.
While learning or teaching a language the strategy that you follow takes the biggest part.because if you know what to do,what to use or what plan to follow you can easily reach your aim.so in order to make the use of both hemispheres their special functions must be known and according to their roles some activities must be chosen.right hemisphere is associated with visual activities while the rigt is associated with verbal activities.according to this we should combine verbal exercises with visuals such as role plays,dramas,puzzles and music...by these activities both parts can take equall importance.
SEVGİ COŞKUN
3231040101
In general the left and right hemispheres of your brain process information in different ways. We tend to process information using our dominant side. However, the learning and thinking process is enhanced when both side of the brain participate in a balanced manner. This means strengthening your less dominate hemisphere of the brain.Generally, the left hemisphere is responsible for speech, language, logical assignments and analytic functions; while right responsible forrecognition and association.For example;left brain students have little trouble expressing themselves in words. Right brain students may know what they mean, but often have trouble finding the right words. The best illustration of this is to listen to people give directions. The left brain person will say something like "From here, go west three blocks and turn north on Vine Street. Go three or four miles and then turn east onto Broad Street." The right brain person will sound something like this: "Turn right (pointing right), by the church over there (pointing again). Then you will pass a McDonalds and a Walmart. At the next light, turn right toward the BP station." RİGHT BRAİN STUDENTS NEED TO BACK UP EVERYTHİNG VİSUALLY. If it's not written down, they probably won't remember it. And it would be even better for right brain students to illustrate it. They need to get into the habit of making a mental video of things as they hear or read them. Right brain students need to know that it may take them longer to write a paper and the paper may need more revision before it says what they want it to say. This means allowing extra time when a writing assignment is due.Finally, we can get the students to do activities including visuality.
In school programs every,study serves to the left hemisphere that's why students don't learn a language.Left hemisphere is an expert about speaking,writing,analytical thinking,solving problems,storing the symbols,we need them ofcourse;however,ignoring the right hemisphere is like a commit suicide because ne also need visual,emotional,musical thinking to learn a language that sounds(phonotics),gestures,words meaning,non-verbal comminication are controlled by right hemisphere;so,when i teach a subject in inglish,i should make it concrete as posible as i can by showing pictures,reading stories,drowing diagrams,playing dramas,using body language and gestures and also making jokes..These activities also help them to be social.
I mean that in school programs left hemisphere's domınance activities such as grammar teching can be taken posterior and in place of it concrete and visual activities should be put.
left side of brain is more dominant in language using .but altough so still we can use programes to create a balance between hemispheres.to do so visual obcejt suchs as pictures,maps,cartoons can be used hüseyin adli-3231040044
ıt is known by everyone that left hepisphere of our brain is associated with language skills but to use our brain more actively we should activate our rigt hepisphere as well.and to activate our right side of brain we shold make use of some visuals in the class. h.ibrahim 3231040036
Learning a foreign language depends on both mental features and physcological features of person.Those who learns second language should have linguistic ability and also should be good at memorization.The laerner should be aware of his physical needs and mental ability.Whıle learning a foreign language,speaking,reading and writing abilities controlled by the left hemisphere,visual abilities controlled by the right hemisphere.Even if the learner has more dominant right hemisphere,he or she should make more exercises to develop his linguistic abilitiy.NUREFŞAN ÇEVİK.3231040034.2/B.
As an accepted fact in both the science world and other fields,language functions are deployed in the left hemisphere and the right side is responsible for audio-lingual functions.ıt is mostly said that we can apply some solutions to change the dominance of the left hemisphere using some school techniques.this is absolutely true and useful for the aphasia patients but not for the healthy ones.those suffering from aphasia can learn to use their right sides of the brain in language process by using some visual items such as picture ,charts,maps ,objects,etc.,however the attemt to apply this to the healthy people may cause problems because it is not logical to chnge natural and god-made order of human.man is endowed with this order
As an accepted fact in both the science world and other fields,language functions are deployed in the left hemisphere and the right side is responsible for audio-lingual functions.ıt is mostly said that we can apply some solutions to change the dominance of the left hemisphere using some school techniques.this is absolutely true and useful for the aphasia patients but not for the healthy ones.those suffering from aphasia can learn to use their right sides of the brain in language process by using some visual items such as picture ,charts,maps ,objects,etc.,however the attemt to apply this to the healthy people may cause problems because it is not logical to chnge natural and god-made order of human.man is endowed with this order
ŞENOL AKTAŞ-3231040030 2-B
ın our english teaching system we have such enormous contradictions that it is nonsense to hope students to acquire a foreign language with this style of education.Even if we have included the english in our curriculum we i am sure that we will stil difficulty in oral production and comprehension.Activities like reading,writing,grammer knowledge,vocabulary study(Based on memorization and rote learning and bilingual lists)this necessities left brain abilities but in fact two brain must be in correlation they must together.And to me to be able to do it like a corpus collosium is teacher if h/she present a more efficient,colourful,surprising,funny,lesson both the interet of sudents is evoked and they will see the importance of knowing a foreign language for their career.
All in all,instead of being an active teacher we must try to be in the background and provide student much more active in the lesssons.
Abdulkerim MUT
3231040130 2-b
especially in foreign language classes right hemisphere dominant activities has been ignored.the reason for that,I think,is the method used to teach english.in our country language teaching is based on translating.this prevents us from using right hemisphere.visuals should be given impportance in language scools.at least watching movies at target language can be asample for that
fazil ahmet gultekin
Language is an abstract thing.Especially for the beginner learners.Because of that they don't understand anything when they hear the second language for the first time,as they know anytihng about the language.So while teaching a language we must do our best to make our students understand what we are talking about.We must use concrete things such as pictures to make it easy for them to understand the language.Visual,audial and emotinal things are dominant in our right brain.However generally the abilities of left barain such as speaking,reading,writing are used ın the process of teaching a language.The other things tahat are also necessary for learning a language are not used too much.Because of that may be the students can't learn a language properly.
As we can infer from this both hemispheres of the brain should be used in order to learn a language properly.
Demet Karabulut 3231040014
yes left and rıght hemispheres are all programmed for dıfferent special works.right hemisphere is planned for seeings.we can use this advantages in classroom with the helps of pictures,photographs,visionalistic thıngs.letf hemisphere is for hearıng skills for example language skıll wrıtıng skıll.the better method is to mix thıs two hemispheres in classroom actıvıtes.we can plan games as for seeing or hearıng.sorry ı couldnt fınd an effective example for thıs
:(
yes left and rıght hemispheres are all programmed for dıfferent special works.right hemisphere is planned for seeings.we can use this advantages in classroom with the helps of pictures,photographs,visionalistic thıngs.letf hemisphere is for hearıng skills for example language skıll wrıtıng skıll.the better method is to mix thıs two hemispheres in classroom actıvıtes.we can plan games as for seeing or hearıng.sorry ı couldnt fınd an effective example for thıs
:(
3231040084 DERYA ÇELİK
a language includes reading writting speaking and listeninng skills and left hemisphere is responsible for these skills so we need it in this situation.but also we need right hemisphere because while we are learning or teaching the second language we use manyn materials like pictures photos etc to get these skills.
by using left hemisphere activities,we can imrove our students' writing,reading and speaking skills.but if we use so many left hemisphere activities and ignore the right hemisphere,we create the unbalance of the right and left hemispheres.but this reality is not active even though it is known by most people.but it is not so difficult thing to help students improve their concrete learning by using many visiuls like pictures maps ..etc.in that way they can learn the language properly.also students learn it by using not only left hemisphere but also right hemisphere.thanks to this usage of hemispheres, the decreasing of the students' number who has linguistic problems.ın short,using two hemispheres in a balanced way,both we and our students become happy in class. perihan çıkrık 3231040104(2-b)
Research suggests that each cerebral hemisphere is specialized to perform certain tasks.For example, the left hemisphere has been described variously as logical, intellectual, deductive, convergent, and "Western," while the right hemisphere has been described as intuitive or creative, sensuous, imaginative, divergent, and "Eastern".
In every individual one hemisphere supposedly dominates, affecting that person's mode of thought, skills, and approach to life.but if we want to changing the dominance of the left hemisphere in class,we can try to develop artistic abilities of students with using photos, music, colors, shapes.We can also try to use both hemispheres at the same time.For example,writing a story involves left-hemispheric input concerning syntax, but right-hemispheric input for developing an integrated structure and for using humor or metaphor.
*3231040061 SEFER TONYALI*
everybody has nearly same ideas,yes we know left and right hemisphere have diffent roles in our brain..left is dominant for verbal things,logic,maths,language,as we said language:)but I dont think we use this properly we learn L2 yes but we cant speak fluet although it is brain's role that is,we have not enough activities for left hemispere and we cant speak or write...first of all we should find effective methods,activities for left one and then we use them by relating with right one's roles like pictures or videos including both left(speaking) and right one's role...
SERAP GUNAYDIN
3231040080/2-B
As most of us said the dominant hemisphere that we use while learning a language is the left hemisphere.About the %90 of the people on earth are right handed and they use dominantly their left hemisphere.So all around the world the classroom activities are mainly determined according to these people and the others that are left handed are ignored.The thing important is to teach to every body, not a certain part.So in the classes there should also be activities for left handeds.To provide this beside reading and writing activities visuals(photos,cards)that are related to right hemisphere also shoul be applied.
suphi 3231040066/2-B
it is a known fact that the left hemisphere is associated with logic,math,speakıng,writing, readıng and language whıle the rıght hemısphere is assocıated wıth vısual skılls. as ıt is seen, the left hemısphere has domınant actıvıtıes for language when we compare them. So, in foreıgn language classrooms, left hemısphere has an ımportant role. Besıde left hemıspehere, we should ımprove our rıght hemısphere by gıvıng ımportance to vısual actıvıtıes. because vısual actıvıtıes make an ınformatıon permanent. you can picturıze it ın your mınd. so, not only left hemısphere but also rught hemısphere should be used ın foreıgn language classrooms for ındıvıdual abılıty dıfferences.. 3231040050
left part of brain is related with language,matehamatic,analatic thinking.Right hemisphere is related with visual things and recognization.as we see left hemisphere is used more especially language class.because most of the second languge teacher use memorization technique which is related with left part.but if they take help from visual materials,or they spend time for preparing pover point demonstration or they want their student preparing proje and teacher controls them both language is learned easily and there is no need memorization.this forces teacher work a bit but it makes learning more efective.also it provides more connection with neurons tülaykaçar 3231040002
in our classes we only learn sceleton of language. may be we learn vocabulary, rules,etc. even we may develope speaking skills and speak fluently.in order to achieve these, we use abilitiese of left brain. but is using both side more affective,isn't it? instead of thinking in order to speak, we should speak to express our thought in language classes. by this way we leed students to use their imagination. they will focuse on imaging and make their right brain work. ofcourse it is language class we won't ignore L2 students will need to improve languge for expresing their original ideas. so they both learn eagerly and use their right brain
SEMA KILIÇ
3231040046
This is mad good man!
gufljbşlknm
I think my classmates had summarized very well the functions of and the differences between left and right hemispheres. In my opinion to be able to increase the dominance of the right part of the brain we(as future teachers) can present a versatile lesson to our students. It means that what and how we teach should address to the five sense of our students. In this respect the visual materials like picture, poster, vocabulary cards,…etc and auditory materials like radio series, hearing stories can help us to catch their attention and to motivate them to learn and in this way to pull the students into the learning process. And they should feel, touch and taste by learning also. Then a lesson can directly address to the right part of the brain. Since what we experience, live remains us as memories, which we do not forget easily. All these experiences as memories are located in a special memory place in our brain, which is found in right part.
Some suggestions about supporting the dominance of the right part of the brain
For instance we can use the method of role play, or they can dramatise a story or something like that. With the help of that method they will move and try to do their best to perform the best by dramatisation.
Another alternative that can be used is body-language. Teacher can use his/her ability to define a word or to give an explanation to an unknown term/word. Meanwhile the students will try to understand what is being implied by using body-language. So they will be concerned to that process.
Moreover for instance you can explain the unknown words by giving an appropriate situation in which the meaning of that word can be easily inferned. That way of explaining of unknown words is better than only saying the turkish translations of these words. But by creating a situation you should start from the assumption that your students can understand your uttered statements and words. In that method the students will try to imagine the situation which is created.
All these given examples will firstly motivate the students.Secondly the accepting process of input by students will be easier. As long as they participate activly they will become more involved in that learning process. Furthermore all these informations which are taught during the lesson will be located in long term memory. So they will always memory what is taught.
biraz uzun oldu ama...
3232020059
Brain has such a perfect system that each hemisphere is responsible for certain tasks. While the right hemisphere is assocıated wıth vısual skılls ,the left hemisphere is associated with language,logic,math,speakıng,writing and readıng therefore, the left one is dominant in our education system. Unfortunately, teachers can’t make the students use both hemispheres at the same time.Indeed it is possible to use both of them meanwhile for all the lessons. As my friends say by supporting the left hemisphere’s activities with visual elements such as shapes,pictures, demostrations,power points etc we can combine the left and right hemispheres activities.In addition to this ;using role plays, dramas especially at language teching procees can be beneficial for our aim.
Emine bilen 3231050055 2/a
Not every person learns in the same way. Some people learn things through visuel combinations, some others through touching, while others more effectively by listening.That's why the scientists came up with the multiple intelligence method at learning.According to this method a lesson should be provided to students in many aspects including all senses.In the first two years following the birth both hemispheres of the brain have same capacity for language learning and using. From the third years age until the fourteenth the left hemisphere takes the 75% of the language capacity whereas the right has only the 25% of it.Which means the role of the left is increasing, while the other is decreasing. If a child starts to learn a foreign language before 14 years of age it is quite possible for us as teachers to work on his/her both hemisheres by preparing or designing tasks which are activating the both parts.For example we can bring some colorful materials that are relevant to the topic of the lesson so they can touch and see at the same time, we can let them listen to a native speakers dialog from recorder, we can let them play the dialog they heard, we let them work in pair and groups in order to make them more socialized, we can let them to visit bibliotheques in order to make their own researches, we can let them make up a story about this topic, make them organize a daily journal or transfer it into a poem.These activity types can be extended according to topic we are dealing with, according to their level.In this way every learner type can benefit from the lesson we are providing.And the information they get can be better stored and called back any time they need it.Pelin K. AKÇURA
Linked to fact of the left hemisphere dominance it can be also said that the left side works like a phone: It receives language via hearing and processes the words in to a message. Unlike to this the right hemisphere works like a TV: The right side filters the message and returns it via display as a whole picture, as an impression.
According to Pestalozzi learning needs to connect hand, heart, and head; learning is holistic (means using our 5 senses).
As the left hemisphere is responsible for the intellect, rational thinking, logic, awareness and knowledge it is after Pestalozzi’s utterance “the head”.
As my classmates mentioned the right hemisphere is responsible for creativity, intuition, sentiments and for the subconscious. Pestalozzi named this phenomenon “the heart”.
Only if both hemisphere are cooperating in a balanced way without a dominance of one of the sides and adding the “the hand” of Pestalozzi which means the body, then it will be possible for everyone to be efficient as possible.
If you count on “hand, heart and head” you will see that all these are connected with the five senses.
Now if you integrate for example music in to your lessons you will activate both sides. For instance you let them hear to Vivaldi’s four seasons. Their task is to listen to the music and write down their feelings or let them guess which season is played and why? Listening to the music and putting it into a picture is the task of the right half and putting this picture into words is the task of the left half. (Heart and head of Pestalozzi, dancing would form the hand).
Another example is playing Scrabble in classrooms. For making a word creativity is required (right h.) and putting the letters together to make a word requires the knowledge of words (left h.).
Another technique is to let the students draw pictures. For instance: every student takes a blank paper. Now you give them directives such as in the middle of the paper is a house, so they have to draw a house in to the middle. Then you go on say on left side of the house a tree, and they draw a tree. And so on…
You can also play a game so called “sense box”. There is a box which contains almost everything (rubber, pencil, ball, sharpener, ruler, etc.) One blindfold student grasps into the box and describes the object s/he hit first by using adequate adjectives. The rest of the class has to guess.
Creating mind maps activates both hemispheres too. On the one side analyzing the text and mapping the lines with subheadings activates left, on the other side the usage of symbols and colors stimulates right.
These are just a few examples of a quite wide range and I think it is not difficult to train both hemispheres as a teacher you have just to use both halves of your brain :)))
S. Demirkıvıran
As most of my friends said left hemisphere activities are dominant in our language learning classrooms.left hemisphere is dominant in language,mathemathics and etc but to learn a new language doing only left hemisphere activities isn'T enouf ı think.We should also do right hemisphere activities like playing dramas, showing pictures,telling something by using gestures and so on. if we do such activities the students learn better and they don't easily forget the things they learn and at the same time we lessen the left hemisphere dominance.3231040040
Our brain has a system that each hemisphere makes different duties.Left hemisphere is dominant in language,logic etc.Unfortunately in schools left hemisphere usage is dominant and it is a lack of us.In our school system and in this conditions I think it is not possible to change this tendency.Gülşah Yıldız. 2/A 3231040099
As my friends said,both of the hemispheres are specialized on different skills.Unfortunately,we can see the dominance of left brain ,when we look at our education system.In fact both of the hemispheres should be used equally for an efficient learning.It is not impossible ,yet needs a bit endaviour-which bores our teachers-.For instance while lecturing we can either play a soft music from the backround or make students imagine the things that teacher is telling ,or even make them draw a picture about that subject.As we see everything is possible.Magic key is in the hands of teachers,if they want ,there is nothing that they can not do!!!
AYNUR EROL 2\A 3231040023
our system gıves ımportance logıc so ıt ıs very normal that beıng domınant of left braın.we ,generally,are not allowed to do somethıng new or create ıdeas.we do not know what to do the other sıde of borders whıch teachers draw.for example ,when a student who ıs 5 trys to draw a house,the house can look lıke everythıng except from a house,ıf the teacher says the truth he make creatıvıty dıe and prevent the student from art as well.i mean that system should tolerate dıfference of ıdentıty and make a new program that can be effectıve on usıng both left and rıght hemıspheres.
3231040032
In language learning both of the sides of our brain should be dominant because they have different activities and all people learn differently so we should attach the same importance to two sides._pınar karaahmetoglu -2/b
I think the right and the left sides of the brain should be blanced in a good way in language learning because both of them have diverse works in brain.For an efficient language learning we try to activate both sides.Ümran Büyük-2/b
As I read from lots of books I can say language is pleaced in the left part of our brains I also know logıcal subject controlled by left brain.Knowing those I also think we can make language learnıng more colourful, and attracting for student with usıng actıvıtıes that are a combinate both left and rigt part of our brain.I read a book about how to enlarge our brains' capacıty the most noticable poınt of that book was usıng thıngs that actıvıtate both part of braın.language teaching is not a very hard subject for addıng a bıt imagination,art on it.Those also would make our lessons more endurable:)3231040052
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